Artículos de Investigación

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Description of intraoral pressures on sub-palatal space in young adult patients with normal occlusion
(2015)
Fuentes, Ramón
;
Engelke, Wilfried
;
Flores, Tania
;
Navarro, Pablo
;
Borie, Eduardo
Under normal conditions, the oral cavity presents a perfect system of equilibrium between teeth, soft tissues and tongue. The equilibrium of soft tissues forms a closed capsular matrix, generating differences with the atmospheric environment. This difference is known as intraoral pressure. Negative intraoral pressure is fundamental to the stabilization of the soft palate and tongue, reducing neuromuscular activity for the permeability of the respiratory tract. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the variations of intraoral pressure of the sub-palatal space (SPS) under different physiological conditions and biofunctional phases. A case series was conducted with 20 individuals aged between 18 and 25. The intraoral pressures were measured through a system of cannulae connected to a digital pressure meter in the SPS during seven biofunctional phases. Descriptive statistics were used based on the mean and standard deviation. The data recorded pressure variations under physiological conditions, reaching 65 mbar as the intraoral peak in forced inspiration. In the swallowing phase, peaks reached -91.9 mbar. No pressure variations were recorded in terms of atmospheric changes with the mouth open and semi-open. The data obtained during the swallowing and forced inspiration phases indicated forced lingual activity. In the swallowing phase, the adequate position of the tongue creates negative intraoral pressure, which represents a fundamental mechanism for the physical stabilization of the soft palate. This information could contribute to subsequent research into the treatment of primary roncopathies.
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Evaluación de la Fuerza Masticatoria Máxima Funcional en Adultos Jóvenes Chilenos
(2015)
Curiqueo, Aldo
;
Pinto-Salamanca, Carlos-Eduardo
;
Borie, Eduardo
;
Navarro, Pablo
;
Fuentes, Ramón
La fuerza masticatoria m xima funcional (FMMF) se ha definido como la m xima fuerza generada entre los dientes maxilares y mandibulares. As el objetivo de esta investigaci n fue de obtener datos reales sobre las FMMF a nivel molar, premolar, canino e incisivo en individuos adultos j venes. El estudio incluy una muestra de 50 individuos entre 18 y 25 a os de edad, totalmente dentados y con perfil esqueletal tipo I y clase I molar y canino. Se utiliz como instrumento un dispositivo de medici n de fuerzas port til, realizando las medidas en la regi n molar, premolar, canina e incisiva. A los individuos se les indic morder el instrumento con la mayor fuerza posible, alternando las diferentes zonas a medir, aplic ndose tres mediciones en cada diente y registrando el mayor valor en cada zona. La media de las fuerzas ejercidas del sexo masculino fue de 698, 516, 322 y 220 N, en las regiones molar, premolar, canina e incisiva, respectivamente. Por otro lado, en el sexo femenino se observaron valores medios de 466, 431, 232 y 174 N en las regiones molar, premolar, canina e incisiva, respectivamente. Se puede concluir que se observaron diferencias significativas de FMMF entre ambos sexos en las diferentes regiones, identificando los mayores valores en los individuos de sexo masculino en la regi n molar. Adem s, se identificaron diferencias significativas de la FMMF s lo en la regi n canina del sexo masculino al relacionarlas con el lado del arco.
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Platelet‐rich fibrin and collagen membrane in the preservation of the alveolar bone: Feasibility of the elemental inorganic composition and scanning electron microscopy analysis
(2019)
Fernando José Dias
;
Alain Arias
;
Eduardo Borie
;
Ramón Fuentes
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The success of dental implants is related to the amount, quality, and composition of the alveolar bone. The placement of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) clot associated with a resorbable collagen membrane (RCM) in a postextraction alveolus is a technique used for ridge preservation. This case report study analyzed the ultrastructural characteristics of cross‐sectioned alveolar bone that received PRF and RCM using scanning electron microscopy and the inorganic composition using “energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry,” in order to explore the feasibility of this method to clinical studies. Three alveolar bone samples from two male patients (37 and 58 years old), obtained in the procedure of placing the dental implant, were analyzed. Two bone samples previously received PRF and RCM (M37 and M58), the third sample represented a physiological bone formation without treatment (M37‐control). The bone sample M37 showed irregularly shaped islets of calcified material intermingled with connective tissue. The other samples, from the 58‐year‐old patient with PRF and RCM (M58); and the other untreated bone sample from the same 37‐year‐old patient (M37‐control) showed similar ultrastructural morphology with trabecular conformation without islets agglomerations. The inorganic composition analysis showed higher concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in both samples treated with PRF and RCM in comparison to the untreated bone sample. The Ca/P ratio was higher in the M37 sample compared to the others samples. The results showed morphology and inorganic composition differences among the treatments used, suggesting that this method is feasible to analyze parameters of the alveolar bone tissue.</jats:p>
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Comparison of Morphological Quantitative Characteristics of the Newly Formed Alveolar Bone After the Application of Demineralized Bone Matrix and Cortical Bone Allografts
(2019)
Fernando José Dias
;
Alain Arias
;
Eduardo Borie
;
Maria Florencia Lezcano
;
Manuel Arellano-Villalón
The allografts were used to obtain sufficient alveolar bone tissue for proper dental implant placement. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the morphological and quantitative characteristics (cellular and collagen densities) of the newly formed alveolar bone with the application of cortical bone (CB) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) allografts. Six samples of alveolar bone tissue from 5 patients (50 ± 6.3 years) were obtained after 6 months of application of the allografts and immediately before the placement of the dental implants. The samples were fixed (buffered formaldehyde, pH7.2), decalcified (EDTA 10 %) and histologically processed (HE and Picro-Sirius) for histologic analysis. Morphological analysis revealed presence of osteocytes and trabeculae in neoformed bone tissue near the allografts and absence of inflammatory and allergic cells; the remnants of CB were located mainly in the periphery of the bone tissue and the remnants of DBM were more incorporated into the tissue. Osteogenitor cells were observed around the remaining material. The cell density was not modified in newly formed bone tissue with the application of both allografts as compared to mature bone tissue. The density of the type I and III collagens present in the osteoids interspersed with the remainder of the materials showed a tendency to increase in the samples treated with DBM. It was concluded that by the histological characteristics observed both grafts were biocompatible, however the bone treated with DBM presented better incorporation and a tendency of increase of the collagen content in the remnant region of the allografts.

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